Negotiation Identity and Religious Expression in Early Childhood: A Case Study of SDITs in Lombok, Indonesia
1 Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University (UIN), Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2 Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University (UIN), Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3 Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University (UIN), Yogyakarta, Indonesia
4 State Islamic University (UIN) Mataram, Indonesia
* Corresponding Author
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2024.622.277-303
Abstract
In recent years, Integrated Islamic Elementary Schools (Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu, SDIT) have witnessed significant expansion, particularly in Indonesia’s urban areas. Targeting urban professionals and the upper-middle class, these institutions present a novel educational model that integrates secular and religious instruction. This movement actively disseminates broader Islamic symbols to the public while conducting specific experiments, such as the Islamization of formal education. Notably, several SDITs, classified as elite elementary schools in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, exhibit distinct teaching methodologies and incorporate ideological elements that diverge from those commonly found in public elementary schools, which are often perceived as more inclusive. Employing Michel Foucault’s concept of narrative and his framework of power-knowledge as an analytical lens, this study identifies the integration of these schools’ curricula as a significant marker of the emergence of a “new style of Islam” within Indonesia’s educational landscape. This evolving religious paradigm is characterized by an accelerated incorporation of Islamic symbols and the narratives of Post-Reform Islam, including pedagogical approaches that emphasize the teaching of “kaffah” Islam and the cultivation of religious identity from an early age. Educational institutions interpret this transformation favorably, viewing it as an intersection of economic, ideological, and religious opportunities.
[Dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu (SDIT) telah mengalami perkembangan signifikan, khususnya di kawasan perkotaan Indonesia. Lembaga pendidikan ini menyasar kalangan pekerja urban dan kelas menengah atas dengan menawarkan pendidikan model baru yang mengintegrasikan pendidikan umum dan agama. Gerakan ini secara aktif memperkenalkan simbol-simbol Islam yang lebih luas kepada masyarakat, sekaligus menawarkan pengalaman khas, seperti islamisasi pendidikan formal. Secara khusus, beberapa SDIT yang dikategorikan sebagai sekolah dasar elit di Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat, menerapkan metode pengajaran yang unik dengan memasukkan unsur ideologi yang berbeda dibandingkan dengan sekolah dasar negeri, yang sering dianggap lebih inklusif. Dengan menggunakan konsep narasi Michel Foucault serta kerangka kerja power- knowledge sebagai alat analisis, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa integrasi kurikulum di SDIT merupakan salah satu indikator penting dari munculnya “Islam model baru” dalam lanskap pendidikan di Indonesia. Paradigma keagamaan yang berkembang ini ditandai oleh akselerasi penggunaan simbol- simbol Islam serta narasi Islam Pasca-Reformasi, termasuk pendekatan pedagogis yang menekankan pengajaran Islam “kaffah” serta pembentukan identitas keagamaan sejak usia dini. Institusi pendidikan membaca perubahan ini secara positif, melihatnya sebagai peluang ekonomi, ideologi, dan keagamaan yang menguntungkan.]
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abdullah, M. Amin, “Intersubjective Type Of Religiosity: Theoretical Framework and Methodological Construction for Developing Human Sciences in a Progressive Muslim Perspective”, Al-Jāmi‘ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, vol. 58, no. 1, 2020, pp. 63-102, https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2020.581.63-102.
Anak Sholeh Mataram Curriculum for the 2015/2016 Academic Year, Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Terpadu (YPIT) Ibnu Abbas Mataram, 2015.
Azra, Azyumardi and Jamhari, “Pendidikan Islam Indonesia dan Tantangan Globalisasi: Perspektif Sosio-Historis”, in Mencetak Muslim Modern: Peta Pendidikan Islam Indonesia, Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2006.
Barker, Chris, Cultural Studies: Theory and Practice, London: SAGE, 2006.
Blewitt, Claire, “It’s Embedded in What We Do for Every Child: A Qualitative Exploration of Early Childhood Educators’ Perspectives on Supporting Children’s Social and Emotional Learning”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 18, 2021, pp. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041530.
Boyle, Helen N., and Abdenour Boukamhi, “Islamic Education in Morocco”, in Second Handbook of Information Technology in Primary and Secondary Education, ed. by Joke Voogt et al., Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017.
Bryner, Karen, “A New Educational Movement”, Inside Indonesia (September 18, 2011), https://www.insideindonesia.org/archive/ articles/a-new-educational-movement.
Daulay, Haidar Putra, and Tobroni, “Islamic Education in Indonesia: A Historical Analysis of Development and Dynamics”, British Journal of Education, vol. 5, no. 13, 2017, pp. 109-26.
Dronkers, Jaap, “Islamic Primary Schools in the Netherlands”, Journal of School Choice, vol. 10, no. 1, 2016, pp. 6–21, https://doi.org/10.108 0/15582159.2015.1131508.
Emawati, “Integrated Islamic Schools: Emergent Property, Branding, and Expectations of Urban Communities in Lombok”, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Islam, Science, and Technology (ICONIST 2019), Mataram: 2020, pp. 166-171, https:/doi.org/10.2991/ assehr.k.200220.030.
Emawati, “School Culture Program: Implementation of School Innovation in the Disruption Era in SDIT Anak Sholeh Mataram Lombok”, Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, vol. 8, no. 1, 2019, pp. 27–50, https:/doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2019.81.27.50.
Fauzi, Akhsanul and Suyatno, “Integration of Nationalistic and Religious Values in Islamic Education: Study in Integrated Islamic School”, Randwick International of Social Science Journal, vol. 1, no. 3, 2020, pp. 555–70, https:/doi.org/10.47175/rissj.v1i3.108.
Fauzi, Anis and Hasbullah Hasbullah, “Pre-Eminent Curriculum in Islamic Basic School Integrated Comparative Studies in Islamic Basic School Integrated Al-Izzah Serang and Al-Hanif Cilegon, Banten, Indonesia”, International Education Studies, vol. 9, no. 4, 2016,
pp. 124-31, https:/doi.org/10.5539/ies.v9n4p124.
Foucault, Michel, The History of Sexuality: An Introduction, New York: Vintage Books, 1990.
Foucault, Michel, and Colin Gordon, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972-1977, 1st American edition, New York: Pantheon Books, 1980.
Giddens, Anthony, Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1991.
Hall, Stuart, “Foucault: Power, Knowledge and Discourse”, in Discourse Theory and Practice: A Reader, London: SAGE, 2001.
Hasan, Noorhaidi, “Education, Young Islamists and Integrated Islamic Schools in Indonesia”, Studia Islamika, vol. 19, no. 1, 2012, pp. 77-
, https:/doi.org/10.15408/sdi.v19i1.370.
Hasan, Noorhaidi, “The Salafi Madrasas of Indonesia,” in The Madrasa in Asia Political Activism and Traditional Lingkages, ed. by Farrish Noor, Yongider Sikand, and Martin van Bruinessen, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2008.
Jahroni, Jajang, “The Rise of Tahfiz Schools in Contemporary Indonesia”, Studia Islamika, vol. 31, no. 2, 2024, pp. 305-35, https:/doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.36712/sdi.v31i2.41150.
Jamhari and Saifudin Asrori, “In the Making of Salafi-Based Islamic Schools in Indonesia”, Al-Jāmi‘ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, vol. 60, no. 1, 2022, pp. 227–64, https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2022.601.227-264.
Malik, Abdul, “New Variants of Ultra-Conservative Islamic Schools in Indonesia: A Study on Islamic School Endeavor with Islamic Group Movement”, Power and Education, vol. 16, no. 1, 2024, pp. 14-28, https:/doi.org/10.1177/17577438231163042.
Marwazi and M. Husnul Abid, “Traditional Madrasah, State Policies and the Rise of Integrated Islamic Schools in Jambi”, Journal of Indonesian Islam, vol. 15, no. 1, 2021, pp. 75-102, https:/doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2021.15.1.75-102.
Muharir, “Resilience, Accommodation and Social Capital Salafi Islamic Education in Lombok”, Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, vol. 11, no. 1, 2022, pp. 1383-404, https://doi.org/10.30868/ei.v11i01.3006.
Pribadi, Yanwar, “Sekolah Islam (Islamic Schools) as Symbols of Indonesia’s Urban Muslim Identity”, TRaNS: Trans-Regional and National Studies of Southeast Asia, vol. 10, no. 2, 2022, pp. 203–18, https:/doi.org/10.1017/trn.2021.15.
Prokop, Michaela, “Saudi Arabia: The Politics of Education”, International Affairs, vol. 79, no. 1, 2003, pp. 77–89, https:/doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.00296.
Saparudin and Arhanuddin Salim, “The Rise of Islamic Movements and Dilemmas for Contemporary Islamic Education: A Study in Lombok, Indonesia”, Issues in Educational Research, vol. 33, no. 2, 2023, pp. 733-51, https://www.iier.org.au/iier33/saparudin.pdf.
Saparudin, and Emawati, “Ideological Framing, Mosques, and Conflict: Bargaining Position of Salafi Movement in Lombok, East Indonesia”, Journal of Al-Tamaddun, vol. 18, no. 1, 2023, pp. 231-44, https://doi.org/10.22452/JAT.vol18no1.19.
Saparudin, “Salafism, State Recognition and Local Tension: New Trends in Islamic Education in Lombok”, Ulumuna, vol 21. no. 1, 2017, pp. 81-107, https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v21i1.1188.
Salim, Hasan et al., “Management of Character Education at Integrated Islamic Elementary School, Gowa and Al-Biruni Mandiri Makassar Integrated Islamic Elementary School: A Multi-Case Study”, International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, vol. 8, no. 7, 2021, 677-84, https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i7.2891.
Suyatno, “Integrated Islamic Primary School in the Middle-Class Muslims Indonesia Conception”, Analisa, vol. 22, no. 1, 2015, pp. 121-33, https:/doi.org/10.18784/analisa.v22i1.148.
Suyatno et al., “Internalization of Islamic Values in Muhammadiyah Elementary Schools”, International Journal of Educational Management and Innovation, vol. 4, no. 1, 2023, pp. 1–13, https:/doi.org/10.12928/ ijemi.v4i1.6847.
Wagner, Daniel A., and Abdelhamid Lotfi, “Traditional Islamic Education in Morocco: Sociohistorical and Psychological Perspectives”, Comparative Education Review, vol. 24, no. 2, 1980, pp. 238–51, https:// www.jstor.org/stable/1187234.
Wildan, Muhammad, and Witriani, “Popular Piety in Indonesia: “Aestheticization” and Reproduction of Islam”, Ilahiyat Studies, vol. 12, no. 2, 2021, pp. 213-35, https:/doi.org/10.12730/13091719.2021.122.227.
Copyright (c) 2024 Witriani, Muhrisun, Zusiana Triantini, Emawati

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.







